Legal Aspects of International Surrogacy: Ensuring Rights and Safeguards Across Borders

International surrogacy involves a myriad of legal considerations that vary from country to country. These legal aspects must be carefully addressed to ensure the rights and responsibilities of all parties involved in the surrogacy arrangement. Below are some of the key legal considerations of international surrogacy:

• Surrogacy Laws by Country:

Each country has its own laws and regulations regarding surrogacy. It is essential for intended parents to thoroughly research and understand the surrogacy laws in both their home country and the country where the surrogacy will take place. Legal frameworks can differ significantly, impacting the legality and enforceability of surrogacy agreements.

• Surrogacy Eligibility:

Some countries may have restrictions on who can engage in international surrogacy. Certain countries may only allow heterosexual married couples or single individuals to pursue surrogacy, while others may have more inclusive eligibility criteria.

• Legal Parental Rights:

Determining legal parental rights is a crucial consideration in international surrogacy. The surrogate mother’s country of residence and the intended parents’ home country may have different approaches to establishing parental rights. Ensuring that the intended parents’ parental rights are legally recognized and protected is vital.

• Gestational vs. Traditional Surrogacy:

Countries may differentiate between gestational surrogacy (where the surrogate is not genetically related to the child) and traditional surrogacy (where the surrogate uses her own egg). The legal implications and requirements for each type of surrogacy can differ significantly.

• Citizenship and Immigration:

International surrogacy can raise complex issues related to the child’s citizenship and immigration status. The child may be born in a different country from the intended parents, which can affect the child’s nationality and travel arrangements.

• Consent and Contracts:

A comprehensive surrogacy contract is essential to outline the rights, responsibilities, and expectations of all parties involved. The contract should cover issues such as medical procedures, compensation, confidentiality, and the intended parents’ parental rights.

• Surrogacy Agency Compliance:

Engaging with a reputable surrogacy agency that operates in accordance with the laws and regulations of both the surrogate mother’s country and the intended parents’ country is essential. The agency should ensure all legal requirements are met throughout the surrogacy process.

• Post-Birth Procedures:

After the child’s birth, legal procedures may be necessary to establish the intended parents’ legal parenthood and secure the child’s citizenship and travel documents.

• Travel and Visa Requirements:

International surrogacy involves travel between countries. Understanding the visa requirements and restrictions in both the surrogate mother’s country and the intended parents’ country is crucial for smooth travel arrangements.

• Legal Support:

Engaging legal counsel experienced in international surrogacy is highly recommended. Legal professionals can guide intended parents through the legal complexities and ensure compliance with all necessary legal procedures.

• Surrogacy Rights and Protections:

The surrogate mother’s rights and protections should also be considered. Ensuring that the surrogate is treated ethically, fairly compensated, and has access to proper healthcare is essential.

In conclusion, international surrogacy requires a thorough understanding of the legal considerations in both the surrogate mother’s country and the intended parents’ country. By carefully navigating the legal complexities, engaging reputable surrogacy agencies, and seeking expert legal advice, intended parents can pursue international surrogacy with confidence while protecting the rights and well-being of all involved parties.

Exploring the Risks and Challenges of International Surrogacy

International surrogacy, while offering a glimmer of hope to intended parents, comes with its fair share of risks and challenges. These complexities arise due to the legal, ethical, and logistical issues involved in cross-border surrogacy arrangements. Let’s explore some of the primary risks and challenges:

• Cultural and Language Barriers:

Intended parents and surrogate mothers may hail from different cultural backgrounds and speak different languages. These differences can hinder effective communication and understanding between the parties involved, leading to misunderstandings and challenges in the surrogacy process.

• Ethical Concerns:

International surrogacy raises ethical questions surrounding the well-being and fair treatment of surrogate mothers. The fear of potential exploitation or inadequate healthcare for the surrogate mother is a valid concern, particularly in countries with lax surrogacy regulations.

• Logistical Challenges:

Managing the logistics of international surrogacy can be complex. Traveling to another country, coordinating medical procedures, and ensuring timely communication between all parties involved can be overwhelming and may lead to logistical hurdles.

• Health Risks:

Surrogacy involves medical procedures such as in-vitro fertilization (IVF), which carry inherent risks for both the surrogate mother and the child. Ensuring proper medical care and monitoring throughout the pregnancy becomes critical to minimizing health risks.

• Financial Costs:

International surrogacy can be expensive, involving costs related to medical procedures, legal fees, travel expenses, and surrogate compensation. The financial burden may be higher than expected, putting financial strain on the intended parents.

• Emotional Challenges:

Surrogacy is an emotionally charged journey for all parties involved. Intended parents may face emotional challenges, including attachment to the child carried by the surrogate mother and coping with uncertainties during the process.

• Surrogacy Agency Selection:

Choosing a reputable and trustworthy surrogacy agency in a foreign country is crucial. Inadequate screening of surrogate mothers or lack of proper support and guidance from the agency can lead to negative outcomes.

Uncertain Outcomes:

Despite all efforts, international surrogacy may not always result in a successful pregnancy or healthy childbirth. The uncertainty of the outcome can be emotionally distressing for the intended parents.

• Legal Parental Recognition:

In some cases, the child’s legal recognition and citizenship may be challenging to establish, especially if there are conflicts between the surrogate mother’s country and the intended parents’ country laws.

• Travel and Visa Restrictions:

Geopolitical issues, travel restrictions, or visa complexities in the surrogate mother’s country or intended parents’ country can hinder the surrogacy process.

In conclusion, international surrogacy offers an alternative path to parenthood for many intended parents, but it is essential to be fully aware of the risks and challenges involved. Seeking legal advice, engaging reputable surrogacy agencies, maintaining open communication, and prioritizing the well-being of all parties can help mitigate these risks and navigate the complexities of international surrogacy more effectively.

Surrogacy in Ukraine

Ukraine remains a sought-after destination for couples seeking surrogacy services, despite ongoing geo-political issues. The country stands out as an affordable, legally explicit, and well-established surrogacy hub. Notably, Ukraine boasts the most supportive legal framework among all jurisdictions globally, surpassing even so-called “surrogacy-friendly” destinations like California or Nevada.

Over the years, surrogacy in Kyiv has gained popularity, especially among European couples. The city has a rich history of facilitating international adoption and, since 2009, has emerged as a prominent hub for overseas surrogacy. Renowned clinics in Kyiv are well-versed in the practice of surrogacy and offer a diverse range of program options to cater to individual needs. Some clinics and agencies even provide guarantee programs for couples pursuing surrogacy in Ukraine, adding further appeal to the country’s surrogacy landscape.

The Growing Popularity of Ukrainian Surrogate Mothers

In recent years, Ukrainian surrogate mothers have become widely sought-after by intended parents from across the globe. Several factors contribute to the growing popularity of Ukraine as a surrogacy destination:

1. Legal Framework: Ukraine has robust legislation governing surrogacy, providing clarity and security for intended parents and surrogate mothers. The legal process is well-defined, ensuring that intended parents can establish their parental rights without complications.
2. Affordability: Compared to some other countries offering surrogacy services, Ukraine provides more cost-effective options without compromising the quality of medical care and support offered to surrogate mothers.
3. Availability of Surrogate Mothers: Ukraine has a significant number of willing and medically qualified surrogate mothers, which reduces waiting times for intended parents and provides them with a greater chance of finding a suitable match.

Selecting a Surrogacy Agency in Ukraine

Choosing the right surrogacy agency is a critical step for intended parents seeking to engage Ukrainian surrogate mothers. The agency acts as an intermediary, facilitating the entire surrogacy process and providing guidance and support to all parties involved. When selecting a surrogacy agency in Ukraine, consider the following factors:

1. Reputation and Experience: Research the agency’s reputation and track record to ensure they have successfully facilitated previous surrogacy journeys.
2. Legal Expertise: Ensure the agency has a strong legal team familiar with both Ukrainian and international surrogacy laws to safeguard your interests throughout the process.
3. Medical Facilities: Verify that the agency works with reputable medical facilities that prioritize the health and well-being of surrogate mothers and babies.
4. Transparency and Communication: Look for an agency that maintains open and transparent communication, providing regular updates and addressing any concerns promptly.

International surrogacy involving Ukrainian surrogate mothers offers a promising solution for intended parents facing fertility challenges. However, it is a journey riddled with complexities, requiring careful consideration, legal expertise, and ethical awareness. With the right surrogacy agency and a commitment to prioritizing the well-being of all involved parties, international surrogacy can provide a path to parenthood and a fulfilling experience for both intended parents and surrogate mothers.

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When most people think of postpartum depression, they think of a lethargic new mother, hardly able to function, with possible thoughts of harming herself or her baby. While this can occur in a rare, but serious condition called postpartum psychosis occurring in approximately 0.089-2.6 of births in the United States, the majority of women experiencing postpartum depression typically present with more anxious symptoms. If these symptoms persist beyond two weeks postpartum, a period commonly referred to as the “baby blues,” postpartum depression must be ruled out.

The majority of new mothers that come to my practice present with difficulty sleeping (even when the baby is sleeping), crying easily, irritability, loss of interest, and being extremely concerned with being a “perfect” mother. Furthermore, anxious, looping thoughts are common as well as a constant feeling of being overwhelmed.

Some women are embarrassed or afraid of their intrusive thoughts and feel troubled by them, especially if they are experiencing scary thoughts about something bad happening to their baby. Many women fear that if they speak up about these thoughts, their baby will be taken from them even though they would never do anything to want to harm their baby. In fact, the desire to do everything so well, is creating its own anxiety.

Obsessions and compulsions can develop around housework, schedules and caring for the baby. Sadly, these mothers can greatly benefit from treatment for postpartum depression, but instead they suffer in silence, often experiencing a worsening of symptoms.

It is important to understand the difference between postpartum depression and postpartum psychosis. Women experiencing postpartum psychosis typically present with auditory or visual hallucinations, delusions, mania, insomnia, agitation, disorganized thinking, a flat affect, a detachment from reality.

Thoughts of self-harm and harm to the newborn can occur. Additionally, women who have a history of bipolar disorder, a major depressive disorder or schizophrenia are at a greater risk of developing postpartum psychosis. For this reason, it is imperative that women with a personal or family history of one of these conditions discuss a prevention plan with their doctor prior to giving birth.

There is good news and bad news. Unfortunately, because most women don’t realize that what they are experiencing classifies as postpartum depression, they do not seek help and therefore do not get treatment for it. The good news is that once postpartum depression is treated, symptoms typically improve relatively quickly.

Symptoms of postpartum depression include, but are not limited to:

• anger, irritability and mood swings
• loss of interest
• hopelessness
• anxiety
• restlessness
• panic attacks
• difficulty sleeping
• fatigue
• lack of concentration
• unwanted thoughts/repetitive thoughts

If you or someone you love is experiencing any of these symptoms, please know that good help is available. You cannot “think” your way out of postpartum depression and the longer it is left untreated, the worse the symptoms typically get.

This is especially the case when there is a chronic lack of sleep. Postpartum depression is not a weakness, a failure or a character flaw. It does not make someone a bad mother. Postpartum depression occurs for a variety of reasons that are well beyond a woman’s control. Most women report wishing they had sought treatment sooner once they began to feel better and more like themselves again.

Avery Neal, PhD, LPC is a practicing psychotherapist, international author and speaker. In 2012 she opened Women’s Therapy Clinic, which offers psychiatric and counseling support to women. Avery is the author of If He’s So Great, Why Do I Feel So Bad?: Recognizing and Overcoming Subtle Abuse, which has been translated and published in twelve languages. Visit averyneal.com for publications, interviews and courses.

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Starting on solid foods is a milestone in your baby’s development and a significant step towards independence. It can also be confusing and daunting for many new parents as they navigate the right time to begin and what types of food to offer.

With many opinions and conflicting advice, it can take time to know where to start. This guide aims to simplify the process, providing a comprehensive, informative, and educational overview of when and how to start solid foods for your baby.

When To Start Feeding Your Baby With Solid Food

The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) suggests that babies may start eating solid foods at around six months. Before this time, a baby’s digestive system is not yet ready to handle solid foods, and they should continue to receive their nutrients from breast milk.

However, it’s important to note that every baby is different; some may be ready earlier or later than six months. The best indicator of readiness is your baby’s physical and developmental milestones and interest in solid foods.

It’s always recommended to consult with your pediatrician before starting solid foods to ensure your baby is on the right track and receiving adequate nutrition. And when your pediatrician gives you the go, it’s best to try a variety of healthy solid foods. For example, you can create carrot puree or puffs at home or get them from reputable shops like Serenity Kids.

Signs That Your Baby Is Ready For Solid Foods

There are certain signs that may indicate your baby is ready for solid foods, such as the following:

• Your baby can sit upright and hold their head steady.
• They show control over their head and neck.
• They start reaching for your food or showing curiosity about what you’re eating.
• They open their mouth when they see food coming toward them.
• When they lose their ‘tongue-thrust reflex’ or the natural reflex that causes babies to push solid foods out of their mouth.

These are general guidelines; not all babies will meet these milestones simultaneously. It’s best to always consult with your pediatrician before starting solid foods, as they can provide the best advice based on your baby’s individual needs and development.

Types Of Foods To Start With

Iron is essential for your baby’s growth because it supports proper neurological development. Moreover, it helps produce hemoglobin, which is necessary to carry red blood cells throughout the body.

When starting solid foods, begin with iron-rich single-ingredient purees, such as pureed meats, cereals, and vegetables like spinach and peas. It’s also recommended to introduce each new food one at a time and wait a few days to see if any adverse reactions occur.

As your baby becomes more comfortable with solid foods, you can gradually introduce new textures and flavors, including fruits, starchy vegetables, and other purees. It’s essential to avoid introducing highly processed and sugary foods and foods that can be choking hazards, like whole grapes, popcorn, and hard candy.

Offering a variety of textures and tastes will encourage your baby to explore and develop their palate and expose them to a range of healthy food options. Promoting self-feeding is also a good idea as your baby becomes more coordinated and able to handle finger foods. This helps foster their independence and makes mealtime more enjoyable for you and your baby.

Introducing Allergens

Introducing allergens is essential in your baby’s solid food journey. However, it’s critical to do so in a safe and controlled manner. The AAP recommends introducing allergenic foods after introducing solid foods, typically between four to six months, except if your baby shows food allergies or has eczema. Highly allergenic foods include peanuts, wheat, fish, and eggs.

It’s always recommended to consult with your pediatrician before introducing allergenic foods, as they can provide guidance based on your baby’s individual needs and risk factors. They may also recommend skin prick or blood tests to check for food sensitivities.

When introducing allergenic foods, starting with a small amount and watching for any adverse reactions is essential. And if your baby experiences any symptoms such as hives, difficulty breathing, or swelling of the lips or face, stop feeding and seek medical attention immediately.

Feeding Tips 

When starting solid foods, providing a positive and enjoyable experience for you and your baby is essential. Aside from the given tips, below is other helpful information to make the transition as smooth as possible:

• Offer food at a relaxed pace: Encourage your baby to explore and enjoy their food, and avoid rushing or forcing them to eat. Let them take their time and allow them to feed themselves if they show interest.
• Keep mealtimes stress-free: Mealtime should be a positive and relaxed experience for your baby. Avoid distractions and minimize noise, and keep the environment calm and peaceful.
• Respect your baby’s hunger cues: Allow them to determine how much food they want. If they turn away from the spoon or stop eating, it is a sign that they are full and don’t want any more.
• Avoid pressure to eat: Never force your baby to eat or offer food as a reward. This can create negative associations with food and lead to picky eating habits in the future.
• Practice safe feeding: Always supervise your baby during mealtime to ensure that they’re eating safely and there’s no risk of choking.

As mentioned, babies have their own pacing when it comes to eating solid food. And as parents, it’s crucial to guide them through this milestone by taking note of the dos and don’ts.

Conclusion

It’s important to remember that every baby is unique and develops at their own pace, so it’s essential to follow your baby’s lead and listen to their hunger cues. You can help your baby build a strong foundation for a lifetime of healthy eating habits by offering various nutritious and healthy options. With patience, persistence, and creativity, introducing solid foods can be a fun and exciting experience for you and your baby.

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What Are The Benefits of Cinnamon For Babies?

One of the main advantages of cinnamon for babies is its ability to regulate blood sugar levels. Cinnamon is known to have a regulatory effect on insulin and glucose levels, which is especially important for babies who are at a higher risk of developing blood sugar imbalances. Regular consumption of cinnamon can help maintain healthy blood sugar levels, reducing the risk of developing conditions such as type 2 diabetes later in life.

Cinnamon is also believed to have a positive effect on cognitive function and memory. This is because cinnamon has been shown to improve blood flow to the brain and reduce inflammation in the brain. These benefits are especially important for babies, who are still developing their cognitive and memory skills. Regular consumption of cinnamon can help support their brain development and improve their overall cognitive function.

Another benefit of cinnamon is its antioxidant properties. Antioxidants are important for the overall health of babies as they help protect against cellular damage caused by free radicals. Cinnamon is rich in antioxidants, which can help boost the immune system and protect against a range of health conditions, such as heart disease and certain types of cancer.

Cinnamon is also known for its anti-inflammatory properties. Inflammation is a normal response of the body to injury or infection, but chronic inflammation can lead to a range of health problems, including allergies, asthma, and autoimmune diseases. By reducing inflammation, cinnamon can help improve overall health and reduce the risk of developing chronic health problems.

How To Add Cinnamon To Your Baby’s Diet?​

In addition to its health benefits, cinnamon can also be a great way to add flavor to your baby’s food. Many babies can be fussy eaters, and the addition of cinnamon can help make their food more appealing. Cinnamon has a warm and sweet flavor that can be added to a range of foods, such as oatmeal, smoothies, and fruit purees.

It is important to note that cinnamon should be used in moderation, especially for babies. While cinnamon is safe for most people, some people may be sensitive to it, and high doses can cause side effects such as mouth irritation, coughing, and stomach upset.

When introducing cinnamon to your baby’s diet, it is best to start with small amounts and gradually increase the amount over time. A safe and reasonable starting dose for babies is around ¼ to ½ teaspoon per day, depending on the age and size of the baby. It is important to consult with a pediatrician before introducing cinnamon to your baby’s diet, especially if your baby has any existing health conditions or food allergies.

Look for high-quality cinnamon products that are free of added sugars and artificial ingredients. Cinnamon is widely available in grocery stores and online, and can be purchased in a variety of forms, including ground cinnamon, cinnamon sticks, and cinnamon essential oil.

It is important to be mindful of the type of cinnamon you use. Ceylon cinnamon is considered the safest and highest quality form of cinnamon, while cassia cinnamon (also known as Chinese cinnamon) should be used with caution, as it contains a potentially toxic compound called coumarin. Ceylon cinnamon is often more expensive than cassia cinnamon, but it is worth the investment for the health and safety of your baby.

It is also worth mentioning Serenity Kids, which is a company dedicated to providing high-quality, organic, and safe products for babies and children. Their products, including their organic cinnamon powder, are carefully crafted to provide the best possible nutrition for growing bodies. So, if you’re looking for a trustworthy source of cinnamon for your baby, Serenity Kids is definitely worth checking out.

In conclusion, cinnamon can be a great addition to your baby’s diet, offering a range of health benefits, including regulating blood sugar levels, reducing inflammation, and improving overall health. However, it is important to use it in moderation and to use high-quality cinnamon.

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In this article, we will take a detailed look at the range of nursery furniture that’s typically needed, including cribs, dressers, changing tables, and more. We’ll also discuss the importance of safety and space considerations when choosing furniture for your baby’s room.

Whether you’re a first-time parent or looking to update your current nursery, this article will provide valuable information to help you create the perfect space for your little one.

Crib or bassinet

A crib or bassinet is the most important piece of furniture in a baby’s nursery. It should be made of sturdy, non-toxic materials and meet all safety standards. In the United States, cribs and bassinets should be certified by the Juvenile Products Manufacturers Association (JPMA) and meet the stringent safety standards set forth by ASTM.

The crib should have adjustable height settings to ensure the mattress is at the proper level as the baby grows, and the crib mattress should be firm to lower the risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS).

It’s also important to follow all manufacturer instructions and ensure that all hardware is securely fastened and tightened on a regular basis. Of course, you should always place your baby on their back when putting them in a crib or bassinet, and never place them on their stomach or side.

When it comes to design, there are a variety of styles to choose from, such as traditional, modern, or contemporary. Some bassinets and cribs are convertible, meaning that they can adapt to your growing child: some can convert from bassinet to mini crib, from mini crib to full size crib, from full size crib to toddler bed, and beyond. This versatility can help you save space and money in the long run.

Before you buy a crib or bassinet, be sure to check out reviews to find out which made it to the top of the baby gear rankings.

Dresser

A dresser provides storage for the baby’s clothes, blankets, and other essentials. It should have enough drawers to store all the baby’s clothing, and it should have smooth gliding drawers with safety stops to prevent accidents. Speaking of safety, dressers should always be tethered to the wall to prevent tipping, and they should be made of durable and non-toxic materials.

Safety certifications such as Greenguard GOLD and MADE SAFE help ensure that nursery furniture is made with non-toxic materials and has very low emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Hardwoods, such as oak, maple, and cherry, are great options for dressers. Avoid cheap pressed wood options, as these are more likely to contain formaldehyde and other harmful chemicals.

You should also consider the style of the dresser, as it should match the overall aesthetic of the nursery. There are a variety of styles to choose from, such as traditional, modern, or contemporary. Also, you may want to consider getting a dresser with a changing table on top, which will save space and provide a convenient place to change the baby’s diapers. Even if the dresser doesn’t come with an integrated changing table, you can always purchase a changing pad separately and place it on top of the dresser.

Glider or rocking chair

A nursery glider or rocking chair is a great addition to a baby’s nursery, providing a comfortable and convenient place for parents to sit and bond with their baby. Gliders and rocking chairs come in a variety of styles, materials, and colors, so it’s important to choose one that matches the overall aesthetic of the nursery.

When it comes to comfort, it is important to choose a glider or rocking chair that is made of durable and comfortable materials (including fabrics, padding, and other touch-points). The seat and backrest should be padded and have enough support for the parents. The armrests should also be comfortable to rest on and the chair should have a smooth gliding or rocking motion.

The chair should be at a comfortable height for the parents and should have enough room to comfortably hold the baby while they are being fed or soothed, and an ottoman is a great accessory. It’s also important to consider if the chair is easy to clean and maintain; removable and washable fabrics are a great bonus.

Changing table

A changing table is designed specifically for changing diapers and dressing the baby. It should have a safety strap to secure the baby and a changing pad that is easy to clean (or removable covers that are easy to wash). It should also have enough storage space (drawers, shelves, bins) for diapers, wipes, and other changing essentials.

The height of the changing table is also an important consideration. It should be at a comfortable height for the parents to use, ideally around waist or counter height. This will reduce strain on your back and shoulders while doing frequent diaper changes.

When it comes to design, there are a variety of styles to choose from, such as traditional, modern, or contemporary. Some changing tables also convert into a dresser when your child outgrows it, which can save space and money in the long run.

Accessories

No room is complete without a few accessories, and the nursery is no exception!

1. Crib sheets and blankets – Soft, comfortable bedding to keep your baby warm and cozy. Always keep at least one extra for laundry time.
2. Diaper caddy – A portable container for storing and organizing diapers, wipes, and other changing essentials.
3. Diaper pail – A diaper disposal bin to house dirty diapers and prevent odors in the nursery.
4. Nightlight – A soft light to provide a gentle glow in the room during nighttime feedings and diaper changes.
5. Baby monitor – Allows parents to keep an ear and eye on the baby from another room (or even when out of the house!)..
6. Sound machine – Creates soothing sounds or music to help lull your baby to sleep. Save some money by finding one integrated into a baby monitor.
7. Wall art and decor – Items such as posters, paintings, and wall hangings decorate the nursery and create a visually pleasing space.
8. Rug or playmat – A cozy and soft place for your baby to play on the floor.
9. Curtains or shades – They can add color and warmth to the nursery and can also help block out light for naps and overnight sleep.
10. Storage containers – A variety of containers such as baskets, bins, or shelves can be used to store and organize baby items.
11. Humidifier – helps to keep the air in the nursery moist, which can be especially helpful during cold and flu season or if your baby has a stuffy nose.
12. Laundry hamper – A convenient place to store dirty clothes and linens.
13. Musical mobile – A hanging mobile with small toys or stuffed animals that can be rotated to keep your baby entertained.

There are so many different types of furniture that can be used in a nursery to create a comfortable and functional space for your baby. From the essential crib to multi-functional items such as a rocking chair or glider that can be used for nursing and soothing the baby to sleep.

Overall, the furniture you choose for your baby’s nursery should reflect your personal style and create a welcoming and safe environment for your little one.

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Rest assured, you can and should expect your baby to acquire the skill of sleeping through the night, but rarely does that happen without parental training. While the On Becoming Babywise best-selling book is one of the most respected resources on this topic and a key to understanding sleep training methods, we can explore some of its most important infant sleep training techniques right here.

If your newborn is not sleeping, one of the worst assumptions you can make is that it’s only a sleep issue. The truth is, if you want to increase the likelihood of continuous nighttime sleep, a parent-guided “feed-wake-sleep” routine is essential.

Let me be clear, the key to baby sleep training, and ultimately nighttime sleep, lies in the order of these three daytime activities: first comes feeding time, followed by wake time, and then nap time.

The sequence of these three activities repeats itself throughout the day to create gentle sleep training. The more consistent the routine, the more quickly a baby learns to adapt to the sleep training methods and organize his feed-wake-sleep rhythms. Established rhythms lead to continuous nighttime sleep.

You too can successfully establish these rhythms by putting into place the following five sleep training methods:

Sleep Training Principle One

Understand the principle of time variation. While the length of each feed-wake-sleep cycle during the early weeks of life remains fairly consistent, eventually each cycle will take on its own unique features.

Sleep Training Principle Two

Understand the principle of capacity and ability: a mother cannot arbitrarily decide to drop a feeding or adjust a naptime, unless the baby has the physical capacity and ability to make the adjustment.

Sleep Training Principle Three

Understand the first-last feeding principle. When adjusting a baby’s routine, the first feeding of the day is always strategic. Without a consistent time set for the first morning feeding, a baby may feed every 3 hours, but each day’s routine will be different. that isn’t good for baby or mom.

While there can be some flexibility to this first feeding time, try to keep it within a 20-minute time frame. Remember, flexibility comes after a routine is established. Mom will come to appreciate the consistency of time because she can plan her day around her baby’s feeding and naptime needs.

Sleep Training Principle Four

Understand the principle of individuality among children. All babies will experience the same cycles and merging of schedules as they grow, but they will not necessarily experience them at the same time.

Sleep Training Principle Five 

Understand the principle of two steps forward and one step back. While some feed-wake-sleep schedule merges happen suddenly and take only a day to become a new pattern, most merges take four to six days before a new normal is established.

It’s important to keep some milestones in mind for the first few weeks of sleep training a newborn. During the first two weeks of life, your baby will not have a distinct waketime apart from his feeding time. Your baby’s feeding time is his waketime, because that’s all a newborn can handle before sleep overtakes his little body.

Usually by weeks two or three, most babies fall into a predictable feed-wake-sleep routine. When this happens, you and your baby have arrived at another level of success. Once you make it through those first couple of weeks filled with new experiences, life begins to settle in as your baby’s routine takes shape.

In the end, Babywise babies are characterized by contentment, healthy growth, and optimal alertness. The best and safest way to help your little one fall asleep and stay asleep is the natural way. Successful baby sleep training relies upon you as a parent confidently establishing a basic routine to promote restful sleep. These are the babies truly exude happiness—which after all, is tied back to being well-rested and one of the hallmarks of Babywise sleep training.

For more information on baby sleep training, visit https://babywise.life/.

Sami Cone, M.A., is the best-selling author of “Raising Uncommon Kids”, an adjunct professor at Lipscomb University, known as the “Frugal Mom” on Nashville’s top-rated talk show “Talk of the Town” and educates over a million listeners every day on her nationally syndicated “Family Money Minute”. Sami, who also serves as Managing Editor of Babywise.Life, is proud to call Nashville home with her husband, Rick, and their two ‘tweenage’ children. https://babywise.life/

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Girls’ Names

The most popular names for girls in North America include these ten, which usually end up at or near the top of all lists.

Emma – This name usually tops the list for girls. It means whole or complete.

Emily – Emily is the feminine form of the French name Emile. It means industrious or hard-working.

Sarah – A variety of meanings have been assigned to this name. In the Bible, the name is understood to mean lady or princess. Sarah was the wife of Abraham and the mother of Isaac. The Muslim origin defines “Sara” as pure and happy.

Madison – This name is based on a surname derived from the name Matthew (gift or reward) or Matilda (strong fighter).

Hannah – In the Bible, Hannah was the mother of Samuel. The name means gracious and merciful, or “God has favored me.”

Olivia – This name is a variant of Olive, which means peace.

Hailey – Typically used as a surname, this name has become quite popular as a first name. It means field of hay.

Ava – Ava is a variant of the name “Eve”. In the Bible, Eve is well-known as the first woman and wife of Adam. Eve means breath or life.

Kaitlyn – The name Kaitlyn is a derivative of Catherine, which means pure. This particular spelling is a modernized version of the traditional “Caitlin”.

Abigail – In the Bible, the wise and sensible Abigail married King David after the death of her first husband. The name means father’s joy.

Boys’ Names

The top ten boys’ names show greater differences across regions that girls’ names do. The names that appear most are listed here. (Honorable mentions go to Jack, Benjamin and Daniel.)

Ethan – Usually tops for boys of late, this name means strong, valiant and constant.

Matthew – In the Bible, Matthew was one of the twelve apostles of Jesus and was the author of one of the gospels. The name means gift or reward.

Joshua – Joshua was the warrior who succeeded Moses and led the Israelites in their journey to the Promised Land. The name means a savior or deliverer.

Jacob – The name means “heel” or one who supplants or undermines, but the Jacob in the Bible eventually redeemed himself and became the father of the twelve tribes of Israel.

Nicholas – Saint Nicholas is the patron saint of children, sailors and, strangely, pawnbrokers. Saint Nicholas is best known as the basis for Santa Claus. The root of the name is the Greek word “Nike”, meaning victory. In Slavic
cultures, Nikolas is known as a victor or conquerer.

Aidan – This popular Irish name means little fire or ardent. The name comes from a 7th century Irish monk named Aidan.

Ryan – This was originally a Gaelic name meaning little king. The Irish name means, simply, kingly.

Logan – Logan is another Gaelic name, meaning “from the hollow”.

Noah – Anyone familiar with the Bible recognizes this name as that of the famous ark builder. The name signifies comfort and repose.

Michael – This name is from the Biblical saint who conquered Satan and was charged with the protection of Israel. Michael is the patron saint of soldiers.

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But, after a while, you forget about the lack of sleep and no longer pine for your childless days. When you reach this point, you may start to consider having another baby. You figure that since you acclimated to the first kid, adding another one will be no big deal. Think again, sister! Having two kids, especially if they’re close in age, is like nothing you can imagine. It’s not just two of everything…twice the work…party of four. It’s a whole other ball game. Adding a second child to the family is like signing yourself up for boot camp…by choice!

Do you remember how all-consuming having a newborn was? How they sucked all the time and energy from every day of your life for months? Yeah…add to that a cranky, potty-training toddler who throws a tantrum fifteen times a day for reasons ranging from not being able to watch the same episode of The Wiggles over and over again to wanting you to buy every box of sugary cereal in the supermarket. Said heck-raiser just happens to wake your newborn up every time he pitches a fit and also hates the new kid because he sucks up all of your attention. Good times.

And how does producing more offspring affect your relationship with your husband? Well, get ready to miss him. If you’re like most couples, you’ll adopt a “divide and conquer” approach to parenting once you add a second child. Usually, Mom focuses on the baby, while takes over caring for the older child. More than likely, the kids aren’t on the same schedule, so your husband will be bathing Johnny while you’re doing everything in your power to get the tiny tot to sleep for five minutes in a row already!

If you’re a stay-at-home mom, or dad as the case may be, you don’t get the luxury of the “divide and conquer” model. You may be nursing the baby, while simultaneously wiping the backside of your older child. Glamorous! All this while covered in spit up and having not washed your hair for a week. The house remains in a constant state of disarray, and your spouse may survey the scene upon returning home from work and wonder what in the world you did all day!! *deep breaths*

And if you choose to work out of the home, you get to enjoy a constant state of guilt. As nice as it is to be able to focus on your career and talk to adults for eight hours a day, you feel like you’re missing some major milestones at home. Maybe you hired a nanny, or maybe your kids go to daycare, either way, someone else is spending their time with your little darlings instead of you. It’s a strange experience.

And how about getting them ready for the day? Getting two kids ready for the day instead of one is a lesson in patience, persistence, and hopeful wishes. Please let this be the day that the baby doesn’t have a blow out right after you dressed him. And please let this be the day Johnny doesn’t freak out because he wants to wear his blue shoes instead of his red ones. The planets rarely align when one tries to get two kids out of house. It’s usually a pretty catastrophic experience to say the least.

Your appearance also changes when you add a new baby to the family. Your Chanel suits find a new home at the back of your closet and you invest any spare dollars on yoga pants. Your new favorite hairstyle is a ponytail and makeup might become a thing of the past. You may or may not have old dried up Cheerios stuck in your hair and you may or may not care. Two kids forces you into mom mode, at least for a little while. Self-preservation is the name of the game and silly things like looking pretty are for the childless and empty-nesters. Don’t worry, no one’s looking at you anyway with those two cuties in tow!

And all the gear. My goodness. Navigating a double stroller through the store requires a very steep learning curve. You’ll bruise a few ankles before you finally get it right. Or, you could wear the baby in a sling while pushing a single stroller…and the shopping cart. Good luck with that. Two car seats instead of just one? No problem. Just hope that your toddler waits patiently while you strap the baby in, and if not…just keep your eyes on the car while you chase Johnny across the parking lot.

Maybe you lucked out and spaced your kids far apart. That oldest child shall be your loyal and faithful servant, whether she wants to be or not. Make her fetch the diapers, grab the binky, clean up the toys, and resent you forever. It’s nothing a little therapy can’t fix one day.

Don’t worry…it’s not all bad. You’re giving your first-born a sibling. You’re adding another family member to love and be loved. Yes, it’s hard at first, but things return to relative normalcy after time. Hang in there, as they say. The days fly by and before you know it, you might be thinking about adding yet another bundle of joy to the nest. Just so know, apparently having three kids is the most stressful to parents. Add any more offspring after that and you’ve long since gone crazy. But, it’s okay, every family tree has a few nuts!

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So should you get your baby’s ears pierced at a young age? Are there any safety or health hazards that make early ear piercing dangerous? And, overall is it a good idea?

Certainly, there are some associated risks with piercing a baby’s ears. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, early piercing can lead to allergies to metal, which can lead to infections of the ear. If you do choose to have your infants ears pierced, you should ensure that the posts and parts of the earring touching the ear are made of stainless steel or at least 14K gold. Metal allergies will present themselves in the form of a rash around the ear and can even travel down the face and the neck. In this situation, pediatricians normally recommend removing the earrings and using Benadryl to control the allergic reactions. Since young babies have a weak immune system, these infections, and allergic reactions can turn serious in no time at all. One down side to piercing a baby’s ears is that they have very little muscle control, which means they will fiddle with and pull at the earrings – even ripping them out of the ear by accident, and this too can cause infection and secondary problems. If you wait till your child is older – you can instruct them to not touch the earrings. And, if an infant or baby accidentally removes the earrings – they can become a choking hazard.

Babies can also become fussy when sleeping as the piercings heal because of the discomfort involved after ear piercing, leading to colicky conditions. Ear piercing also comes with quite a bit of after care involved, which means parents have to be diligent about rotating the earrings and cleaning the ears – both front and back of the lobes – for several weeks after the piercing.

One thing that doctors DO recommend when considering ear piercing is to either use a facility that specializes in baby piercing, or ask if your doctor can do it. Some pediatricians can actually do the piercing in the office. Many ear-piercing centers located in malls or jewelry stores do not employ trained staff and may not be keeping the equipment clean enough from one customer to the next. You certainly want the most sterile environment if you plan to pierce your baby’s ears. Another good idea is to simply talk to your pediatrician about whether or not you can pierce your child’s ears. Some doctors may recommend that you wait until the baby is at least 4 months old – especially if there are any health concerns with the baby. While others will go ahead and give you the green light, and can even recommend safe places to have the procedure done.

Overall, the stance of the American Academy of Pediatrics is that there is no certain milestone age in which to pierce a baby’s ears. That being said, they do recommend waiting until a child can ASK for the piercing herself before doing so. This way, they can be involved in the care that is involved after wards, and can help to take care of the earrings themselves.

If you plan on piercing your baby’s ears, you may want to give them a dose of ibuprofen prior to the ear piercing, and in the few days after the piercing to ease the discomfort. The piercing itself is not more painful than a shot, and you need to choose a piercing provider that will do both ears at the same time in order to make it as comfortable as possible for your child.

Again, ear piercing is a personal choice. There are plenty of ways to ‘girlify’ your little princess without ear piercing. With so many cute headbands and bows, ear piercing is not really necessary. Many parents would rather wait until their child is old enough to ask, because essentially you are making a decision for your child that will last a lifetime. And, remember that if your baby has any problems with the ear piercing and you have to remove them – scar tissue can form in the lobes which can make ear piercing later in life more difficult and more prone to infection.

While mothers across North America debate this issue and liken it to giving a baby a tattoo (which is illegal), the decision you make is YOURS. If you are willing to put up with a little frustration and some extra work and feel strongly about having your baby’s ears pierced, then there really are no safety or health hazards to hold you back. Likewise, if you would prefer to wait until your child is older, and can request the piercing on their own, that too is perfectly fine. Just keep in mind that you are making a long term choice for your daughter, and that they will grow up fast enough without you rushing to do things before their due time.

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According to the American Civil Liberties Union, “Parents, not the government has the ultimate right to name a child.” Interestingly enough, Messiah – as a name for a child is one of the top tens baby names today. Even more interesting is the amount of people that are names Jesus, Muhammad, or even Lucifer – each of which have religious correlation, without any governmental recourse. In fact, there are very few recent judicial cases where names in any country have been denied and while some countries around the world do have laws to prevent people from naming their child certain names. According to the Calgary-Herald, the following list of names are the only ones that have been denied to parents in modern times. Messiah, Blaer, Lucifer, Baron, Bishop, Duke, General, Judge, Justice, King, Knight, 89, C, D, I, T, Doctor, Reverend, Benson and Hedges (twins), Tulula Does the Hula from Hawaii Venerdi, rfxxccxxmnpcccclllmmnprxvclmnckssqlbb11116, Metallica, Ikea, Q, Veranda, Fish and Chips (twins). Some were banned or denied for obvious reasons, and most name complaints arise from custody or familial issues.

That being said, it really is not the duty of the government to interfere and monitor the name choices of parents today. In some countries, such as Germany – a name must be gender specific and it is a law that someone must be able to know the gender of a child based on the chosen name. In Sweden, a law was enacted in 1982 which does not allow parents to name a child any name that could be taken offensively, such as those referring to Hitler, or like in the above case, Messiah. In Denmark, there is an approved list of 7,000 names that parents can pick from when naming their child. Recently, China enacted a program that requires new babies in China to be named based on the ability of computer scanners to read those names on national identification cards. The government recommends giving children names that are easily readable, and encourages Simplified characters over Traditional Chinese ones. This is just the beginning of government involvement in names, but is it okay?

When celebrities name their children, they often choose names which others see as outlandish or odd – yet the government doesn’t seem to interfere. In fact, Hollywood is none for choosing baby names that push the envelope on what is considered normal. And these kids have to live with their names for the rest of their life. Are these names considered acceptable simply because the children will be raised in the spotlight, rather than in mainstream society? It seems to most that parents should have reason to give ample consideration when naming their child. Often times, parents choose family names. Many parents today name their kids after inanimate objects or idealisms. Some choose names based on a name they like, a favorite friend, or a distant relative. New age thinking asks that parents think twice before naming a child after a deceased loved one, believing that it has some spiritual effects on the child in question. Still, parents should be the ones most concerned with giving their child a name for success.

There are several books on the market today, which help parents name their child for success – giving advice such as “Allison’s have a higher chance of getting into law-school whereas John Smith’s are so common, that they have a greater chance of getting passed over.” Essentially, the thinking is that the chosen name for your child is no different than a brand – and that by naming your child, you are also branding your child for a life of success, or a life of failure. Additionally, according to experts, names give others a quick peak into the socioeconomic and educational background of your family tree which are just as impressive on others as a first impression.

The truth is finding a name for your child is a difficult task. Still, it is one that the government should not be involved in. Obviously, if parents lack the commonsense or decency to name their child an apprpriate name, that won’t reduce them to a live of being teased or harassed, then the problems in that family unit are larger than just a baby name. If you name a boy Sue, while your intent may be to make him tough – the larger picture shows signs that the parents lack good judgment. In these situations, courts should be able to step in and advocate for the child. As far as Messiah, the baby boys whose name was changed to Martin by a judge – his parents were not alone in choosing Messiah as a baby name. According to statistics, there were 700 babies names Messiah in the United States in 2012. Is the judge going to try and rename all of those people?

What do you think? Should government have a say so in a child’s name?

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