The Labrador is so dominant in our culture that nearly any short haired medium sized black dog is deemed a “Lab cross”. By the standard they actually are 22-1/2 to 24-1/2 inches at the shoulder, with females slightly smaller, and weigh 65-80 pounds.

This is a breed that was developed to work. The extreme variety of work they have eagerly taken on and learned is a testimony to the breeding for function. A short, dense, hard coat allows the breed to work in all types of weather. Black, yellow or chocolate is the accepted colors, with a distinct thick tail that isn’t like any other breed. The purebred labrador is a square, stocky dog that has the image of power, a dog that moves freely without being too heavy.

The typical Labrador enjoys being outside with people, and especially is drawn to water. This is instinctive as they have long been used for retreiving waterfowl for hunters, and further back than that were developed for water work.

The breed was developed for work in harsh, wet climates assisting with fishing nets on boats. Their love of water and retrieving meant they were also eager to get birds downed by hunters. The Lab of today traces back to pedigrees in 1878. The breed itself goes back further, but in their native Newfoundland they nearly became extinct due to dog taxes, quarantine laws and crossbreeding. The AKC first recognized the breed in 1917.

A relatively small section of the breed is maintained as show dogs – for those interested in the physical standard it can be found at http://www.akc.org/breeds/labrador_retriever/ – but for many the real value in the breed comes in their training and versatility.

The Labrador excels at a wide variety of duties and activities. A few of these include: Search and Rescue, search K-9, service dogs, seeing eye dogs, hunting dogs,carting, tracking, a wide variety of dog sports and of course family pets.

The Labrador is a friendly dog that loves people and is eager to be active. Some of the more “hyper” dogs that have been holy terrors in the home were bored – and given active jobs of search dogs became wonderful companions also. They love to play but take discipline and strict handling.

From a young age teach your Labrador not to pull on the leash – when he gets big his powerful neck can make for some uncomfortable experiences and unpleasant walks. Labs are highly intelligent, and can be quite dominant in attitude. As puppies they need structure and training as they can be incredibly destructive without it. They are lively and play hard.

Generally speaking the Lab lives 10-12 years with good care. Their negative qualities of dominance, somewhat exhuberant and active can be molded into good things.

Lab heroes are many. Jake, found wandering and injured as young adult, became a certified rescue dog, on call to respond to disasters of all kinds. From work as a certified therapy dog to working the rubble of the World Trade Center and the remains of Hurricane Katrina, Jake was an inspiration. When he died at age 12 from cancer in July 2007 it made national news.

More recently, a Labrador bit the foot of his young owner, home with a friend and sleeping in a basement bedroom, until they woke up. He is credited with saving their lives as upstairs part of the home was on fire.

A K-9 search dog was called in following a warehouse fire. It was suspected there was someone inside the building but the task was incredible, with six feet of ash. “Ruger” located the spot the remains were and confirmed a homeless man was in the building.

While detection dogs are often associated with narcotic dogs there are many other things the Labrador is trained to find. Explosives, illegal wildlife, propane leaks, accelerant (helpful in arson fires), and many other things can be taught to a search dog. Dogs have even walked the crowd at a fire and found the arsonist by alerting on the ignitable liquids present on clothing and hands but undetected by humans.

The Guide Dogs for the Blind Association uses almost exclusively Labradors and German Shepherds for their training and work. These dogs are large enough to lead but small enough to lay under the table in restaurants or in other public places. Temperament, intelligence and versatility are hallmarks of these dogs, which also are factors the Labrador has, making them ideal for the work.

There are other types of hearing dogs. Hearing and signal dogs alert the owner to a doorbell, telephone, smoke alarm and other things the person may not hear. Other dogs accompany their owners, picking up things that are dropped, opening and closing doors and if needed pulling wheelchairs.

Therapy dogs and seizure alert dogs are but two more ways these dogs serve humans. These every day heroes in many facets of service are often seen and misunderstood. They are pets but first and formost they are working dogs. Don’t pet or feed a working service dog without expressed permission.

Even the “ordinary” Labrador can easily be taught many useful tasks without being a full-fledged service dog. One helps an unsteady owner by bracing while she steadies herself after standing.

An ideal outlet for the Labrador is as a hunter, something they excel at. Swimming into the water to bring back ducks is a skill they can do, and the “soft” mouth does so without harming the feathers, skin or meat of the duck.

Because of their love of water, dogs that have access to it should be watched for water getting in the ear and causing problems. The condition of these dogs, because they are stocky anyway, should be monitored closely to keep them from being too fat or too thin.

Unfortunately, like all dogs, Labradors are susceptible to health issues. When purchasing a pup keep in mind the breed is prone to hip and elbow dysplasia, PRA and other eye disorders. Clean lines from healthy stock makes a big difference. They have a tendency to gain too much weight, something that needs closely monitored. Dwarfism, muscle myopathy and hypothyroidism also can affect the breed.

Genetic testing of the parents makes a difference as many issues are genetic. A litter of 7-8 puppies is not unusual and up to 10 is possible. For this reason be very careful when breeding and do so only to improve the breed, with a goal in mind.

Some pet food companies have a dog food formulated for the specific needs of the Labrador, marketed as a breed based food.

There are many reasons the Labrador is the #1 dog, but the myriad of tasks they do, the trainability and intelligence and their adapting to so many situations are but a few. They’re a great dog for an active family. They can easily be a seasonal hunter, a family pet and a household assistance dog.

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Chinese documentation from 1000 B.C. showed a small “under the table” dog. Thought to trace to the Tibet region, dogs resembling small lions were treasured. The ShihTzu has been preserved as a small pet dog, although it has as a breed undergone some changes.

Dogs were given among royalty as gifts and it is thought that one of these gifts involved small Tibetan Lion Dogs. The ShihTzu breed was kept as a house pet for most of the Ming Dynasty.

In 1861 the Dowager Empress Tzu Hsi came into power, and developed a small shaggy dog solely as pampered pets. While workers did the actual hands on care and breeding, the Empress oversaw that pedigrees and descriptions were kept. She preferred parti-colored dogs with particular facial and body markings, although also prized solid colored dogs. She knew breeding dogs, color genetics and mating. She seldom let any dogs leave the Palace. Visitors were interested, but she valued her dogs and although later would occasionally give gifts, those gifts didn’t include her dogs.

Following her death in 1908 many of the dogs died in fires, or the caretakers were dismissed and perhaps took special dogs with them. It is thought the breed became extinct except for fourteen dogs that had been sent out of the area.

As with some other breeds, American military brought some of the first Shih Tzu to the U.S. in the 1940s and ’50s. Because they were bred as pets for centuries, they became very popular as show dogs as well as pets and in 1969 was formerly recognized by the American Kennel Club.

With a regal presence, tail curved over the back and a background of pet utility there is some variation in sizes. By the standard they are ideally 9-10 1/2 inches but should not be less than 8 or more than 11. Ideal adult weight is 9-16 pounds. Balance is an important factor but they should be compact and solid. For those interested in the breed as a show dog the written standard can be found at http://www.akc.org/breeds/shih_tzu/ – of course pets need not follow this standard.

Owners say the individual dogs that make the breed special. They’re sweet, “hugable” dogs and equally described as having ego, a stubborn attitude of pride. The good temperment comes from years of being selected as pampered pets, a role that they still are excellent at today.

Small dogs mean smaller litters, with three to five pups said to be typical. As with all breeds, there are some health issues to consider. Some issues with umbilical hernias have been reported with advice to have hips and eyes cleared from genetic abnormalities. Juvenile renal dysplasia is a concern. Their facial structure means taking extra care when bathing and be on the watch for breathing troubles in general.

“Dry eye” is a problem with ShihTzu – a disorder which the eyes don’t provide natural tears, it’s exhibited in dogs with dull or dry blinking eyes. Some are subject to eye infections or corneal ulcers. It may lead to further infection and, although relatively minor, should receive attention as serious problems may result if it is left untreated.

Anyone considering this breed, for show or for pet, should get used to grooming and lots of it. Banding the hair on top of the head is typical for show but something often done for pets also. Prepare for regular baths, blow drying and carefully using shampoo and conditioner to maintain the beautiful coat the breed is known for. This coat is the first thing the judge sees so needs to be outstanding. For pet dogs they need not be kept in show condition, but still require thorough daily brushing to keep mats from tarnishing the coat.

Some owners represent adopting good bathing techniques to keep skin problems at bay, although others suggest skin and hair issues are genetic. A mild, tearless baby shampoo is recommended but also noted sometimes it’s harder to rinse out completely, and leftover shampoo can cause problems on its own. Shampoo formulated for long haired breeds of dogs rinses out better. Use warm water and a sink or basin rather than a bathtub will keep the dog more confined.

Thoroughly wet the dog and pour the shampoo down the back. Gently work the shampoo into the coat, squeezing rather than rubbing it in. Scrubbing like a short coated dog is nearly guaranteed to result in a wet, tangled mess of a ShihTzu. Shampoo the legs and chest, rinsing thoroughly after the dog is washed. Be sure to rinse between the toes and keep shampoo from collecting in the folds of skin where it can become an irritant.

Dirty dogs may need this repeated until they are clean again. Secure the dog on a counter and use a good hair dryer to gently brush and blow dry the hair, which insures the coat is dry. This prevents dampness next to the skin and helps cut down on problems resulting from moisture trapped against the skin by the undercoat.

Proper grooming is a big part of the care of this breed. A committment to maintaining them on a daily basis is important to keep.

Daily exercise and play is needed, although they aren’t as high energy as some breeds they need to be kept in proper condition and not allowed to get too fat. Daily laying your hands on your pet also allows you to feel their condition – the disadvantage to long haired dogs is you often can’t SEE them losing weight until it’s very bad. Feeling means you can note if there is weight loss or gain, often an indication of illness if nothing has changed.

From a training standpoint owners describe them as stubborn but trainable, with one saying they’re actually quite smart and clever. They are bred as lap dogs so that and their size makes them good for older owners. Some can be barky but that is an individual trait and depends on the dog and training.

Frank Sinatra, Zsa Zsa Gabor, Yul Brynner and Beyonce Kowles are listed as some of the more famous owners in the breed. The Shih Tzu has become more popular as time goes on – in 2006 and 2007 was ranked the 9th most popular AKC breed. According to AKC statistics in Salt Lake City, Utah they are second only to the Labrador as the favorite breed. They’re the fifth most popular breed in St. Louis, fourth in Washington D.C. and rank in the top ten in several other cities in the U.S.

If you are prepared for the dedication of grooming and the challenge of training the ShihTzu may well be the dog for you. They can be a good dog for more sedentary owners that aren’t interested in the high energy level other breeds exhibit. What could be better than a pet bred for centuries to be a pampered pet?

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What this means to the average owner – you need to actively TRAIN them. They are eager to learn and seek to be busy. They need mental stimulation – toys, games, activities – to keep from being bored and destructive. They want to please and learn new tasks.

It is said that the Golden Retriever traces his heritage to Scotland. A yellow puppy from a litter of black wavy coated retrievers was used as payment of a debt, and ended up in the hands of Lord Chichester Marjoribanks, who took the pup to Scotland where he maintained a kennel of hunting dogs. Searching to create an outstanding dog suited to the Scottish climate, ground and game, he later bred the yellow pup to a Tweed Water Spaniel, a breed that no longer exists except for as a trace of the Golden Retriever. These offspring were bred with Tweed Water Spaniels and a red setter, but it was mostly the golden pups kept. Marjoribanks was a breeder with a vision, and these initial pups, born in the late 1860s, appear much as the Golden Retriever does today.

Working ability was of great practical importance, much like the other Scottish breeds of dogs. There was little room or funds for “free-loaders” – dogs had to pay their way. In the early 1900s the dogs made their way to shows as a “Retriever – wavy or flat coated, any other color” but in 1920 officially named Golden Retriever. In 1932 the AKC recognized the breed here in the U.S.

Currently by the standard males are 23-24 inches with females slightly smaller, with dogs 65-75 pounds and females 55-65. Those interested in showing may find the physical standard at http://www.akc.org/breeds/golden_retriever/ – and it bears noting that many dogs are used for more than showing.

Like several other large breeds the Golden Retriever is subject to some hereditary diseases. Hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia, hereditary cataracts, Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA), eyelid problems, a heart disease known as subvavular aortic stenosis, thyroid disorders, seizure disorders and other health issues which affect all breeds. Many of these hereditary disorders can be found by testing, and animals that show signs of these diseases should not be used for breeding. Unfortunately, many lower priced puppies do not have breeders who test for these disorders so often you don’t know what you are truly getting. While the breed can easily live to over 10 years old, one statistic reports just over 60% of older goldens being affected by cancer – something that bears watching in your older dogs.

Select your puppy with longevity in mind. This is a breed that can have 8-10, sometimes 12 puppies – and a dozen growing little mouths is a lot of time to raise them properly.

Regular grooming is essential for this breed. Their distinctive coat is for outdoor activities but regular brushing is needed. Also, some Goldens get matts in the fine hairs especially near their flanks, on the chest and behind the elbow. Trimming these out before they get down close to the skin makes for a happier dog. Regular grooming keeps the burrs and other material out of the coat also. Nail trimming and dental care is needed, as with any dog.

Many naturally love water also. As with some other retrievers, take care that the dog does not become overweight, which can lead to other health problems. For a larger breed they don’t eat as much as some people expect, and can easily become overweight, which shortens their life.

The selection for intelligence and function has developed a dog that today suits many needs in a wide variety of activities. From a beautiful and energetic show dog to a calm service dog, a hunter, a K-9, search and rescue, dog freestyle, agility, flyball, tracking and many other activities the Golden is a breed that seeks to perform and please.

While as a K-9 they aren’t likely to have the drive to take down a criminal, their use is for other important tasks. Their nose, developed for hunting, can still be used in the field today hunting and retrieving birds. Goldens are also highly visible for searching for lost people.

An example of what these amazing dogs can do is displayed in dogs like “Austin,” a Golden Retriever inducted into the Texas Animal Hall of Fame as well as honored with the US Search and Rescue Dog of the Year from the AKC. A group of hunters found Austin, lost in the woods near Houston, and the pup was turned over to a breed rescue then trained as a hearing and service dog. His life took another turn when he became a cop. Certified in advance tracking, area and evidence search, cadaver search and air operations, Austin can search for lost people, can calmly helicopter in and with his handler dangle off the edge of a cliff.

Golden Retrievers have been on the front lines of disasters such as the Oklahoma City bombing, the World Trade Center attacks, hurricane Katrina as well as many other natural and man-made disasters around the world.

Golden Retrievers have served as heroes of other kinds too. Their work with autistic people, as service dogs with a wide range of duties and as guide dogs are but a few ways they help people. Searching for drugs, explosives and other illegal things makes use of the breed’s intelligence and discernment.

Probably the most recognized celebrity of the breed is “Duke”, the mischievous opportunist seeking to sell the secret recipe for Bush’s beans on television commercials. “Liberty” was a White House dog, as President Gerald Ford’s dog. “Victory” was another presidential dog, beingowned by Ronald Reagan. Christopher Reeves had a Golden as an assistance dog.

Among the celebrity ties in the breed is Oprah, Dean Koontz, Jim Belushi, Mary Chapin-Carpenter, Tom Cruise, Billy Ray Cyrus, Neil Diamond, Ron Howard, Paul Newman, Conan O’Brien, Joe Pesci, Jane Seymour, Martha Stewart and Alan Thicke are but a few celebrities with Golden Retrievers.

Equally, the list of Golden Retriever heroes is long. Many have saved people from fires. A 15 year old Golden saved the life of a three week old baby by alerting his owners something was wrong with the child. The AKC awarded this hero with special honors – sadly, less than a year later Bullet lost his life to cancer. Goldens have also saved their owners from bears, choking, snakes, carbon monoxide, cancer, coyotes, drowning and freezing. One sniffed the owner’s brain tumor while another alerted to a heart attack.

These are all expressions of the loyalty from the breed and help explain why so many people love this breed. Ranking fourth nationally in 2007, they were first in Honolulu. They rank second in Atlanta, Austin, Baltimore, Buffalo, Charlotte, Cleveland, Columbus, Denver, Minnepolis-St. Paul, Portland, Raleigh, Seattle and St. Louis. They were also listed third in Dallas, Des Moines, Little Rock, Nashville, Philadelphia, Pittsburg, San Diego and San Francisco (tied).

The Golden Retreiver is truly a people’s dog. A dog of many hats but with the same dedication, loyalty and willingness to please as a hundred years ago, they are a breed for a wide range of living situations providing the owners understand the breed, provide training and exercise and treasure the dog. Treasure him not as a human, which demeans him and takes away those special things dogs can do that we can’t, but as a creature who seems to understand we are flawed and worships us anyway.

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Generally the Miniature Schnauzer is 12-14 inches. They will be disqualified if under or over that height. Those interested in showing can go to http://www.akc.org/breeds/miniature_schnauzer/ for detailed information on the standard. They are small enough for many apartment requirements with a general guide being a pound per inch – a 12 inch dog should thus be roughly 12 pounds.

Of German origin, the Miniature Schnauzer is one of three dogs that appear largely the same except for size. They were bred down from the Standard Schnauzer, while an even larger Giant Schnauzer is also AKC recognized. The Miniature version was viewed as a distinct breed in 1899 and today is in the terrier group.

While appearing similar to other terriers the Miniature Schnauzer is somewhat quieter, with a happy temperament. Bred to “go to ground” after vermin, the modern miniature Schnauzer can still be very effective at the job if a mouse should appear in the home! They are not quite as ‘hard’ as some of the other terrier breeds. He will defend himself but is not as given to starting squabbles as some of the other terriers can be. Because of his heritage, care should be taken with other small furry pets.

They are the ideal size and intelligence for training for alert dogs. They should be solid, well muscled and alert. They are generally known as one of the non-shedding breeds, which helps their appeal in urban homes.

With a distinct salt-and-pepper coat – visually appearing as grey – they can also be black or black and silver. Like other terriers, the correct show coat is maintained by stripping. Pet dogs can be clipped, but results in a “softer” coat as only the undercoat remains. While many take their dog to a groomer it is not difficult to groom your Schnauzer at home.

Before bathing use a pin brush and completely brush out all knots and tangles, including the fine ones between the toes, under the arms and under the belly/flanks. Regular brushing of the beard and “furnishings” – the longer hair on the legs – keeps grooming woes at bay.

Bathing should be done as needed – some dogs tend to get messier than others! Use warm water that isn’t too hot, and use care when washing and rinsing the beard, spraying the water from the ears down the head so the water doesn’t sting his eyes. At the top of the head rinse down the neck, back and belly. Thoroughly rinse him after shampooing – traces of shampoo can lead to skin problems. When shampooing squeeze, don’t rub which can cause tangles of the longer hair. Some people use a trace of conditioner on the longer hair but this, too, should be rinsed thoroughly.

Gently squeeze with a towel to remove water and secure the dog so both hands are free to groom. Use a pin brush to gently brush while you dry with a hair dryer, being careful to not use too hot of a temperature and burn the dog’s skin. When it’s nearly dry switch to a slicker brush to more thoroughly fluff and comb out the furnishings. A comb can be used on the beard.

For most dogs, a good pair of clippers and a number 10 blade comes next. Clip quickly , holding the skin gently and using long smooth strokes. Keep the blades oiled and use caution if they start heating up. Clip down the neck and sides to a level about two fingers above the elbow, leaving the hair below that level longer. Change to a 30 blade and clip the rear and underside of the tail, clipping against the grain. Be very careful around the genitals. Next, clipping with the grain on the outside of the ears and against the grain on the inside tidy up the ears. If needed use tweezers and ear powder to remove any hairs inside the ears.

Careful scissoring to smooth out the furnishings and get the longer hair between the toes is next. The head should appear a rectangle when properly trimmed – comb the eyebrows and beard forward and carefully trim the eyebrows in a line at the widest part of the skull. On the beard don’t point the scissors into the beard but rather parallel to it.

While this is a basic description like any skill grooming your dog just takes practice! This time spent with your dog should be kept positive. Grooming thoroughly lets you see little things before they get to be big things. A daily or every couple of days brushing out of the longer hair can keep tangles and matts from taking over.

Their ears and tail are often cropped. This is a hardy, smart and active breed. Originally a small farm dog used as a ratter, they typically love children. They NEED trained and socialized. Those not receiving the proper management and handling can become temperamental and territorial. His size easily adapts to smaller quarters in town, and he’s still ‘tough’ enough to be a farm dog. They’re bold but shouldn’t be aggressive, although sometimes some individuals can become territorial.

These dogs are small in stature but big hearted. Don’t underestimate the will of these dogs – they are much more than they appear! Today he’s known primarily as a pet, a home and family dog. A “homebody” among dogdom, he’s devoted to his family and can be quite the alarm or watch dog. Some are energetic enough to excel at agility and other dog sports.

Health wise they are generally healthy but the breed does have issues with hereditary cataracs, pulmonic stenosis (a heart defect), von Willebrand’s disease and thyroid issues. Getting a puppy from parents tested free of these diseases can help eliminate having to deal with it. Other possible health problems include diabetes, pancreatitis and bladder stones. Those without cropped ears should have the ears carefully watched and dried after swimming or baths.

Bob Dole, Mary Tyler Moore, Bill Cosby and Bruce Lee are just some of the famous people who have owned miniature Schnauzers.

On the AKC popularity list they are 11th, and while they are in the top ten on several lists of cities they rank the highest at third in Oklahoma City.

The miniature Schnauzer is a wonderful small dog that can also appeal to those who like big dogs. Their “big dog attitude” is a compromise if it’s a small dog or no dog. They’re incredibly loyal and love being with the people in their home.

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There are perhaps few breeds that create as much of a polar opposite of opinion than the Chihuahua. They’re four footed saints in one camp and they’re vicious monsters in another – truth is they can be either, depending on the handling.

While dining in a restaurant in Jasper Alabama a customer watched a couple sit at the next table, and the lady sat down a small bag in the empty chair. Movement gathered a double take and a long haired Chihuahua put her head out of the bag. Not only was this little dog absolutely quiet and discreet during the hour or so stay, but she was alert to where her handler was yet not moving from her spot. As dog folks do, a conversation was struck up and it was learned this extremely well trained Chihuahua was in fact a certified service dog, complete with vest and laminated badge. She was not only a seizure alert dog but also served a hearing impaired relative when the California wildfire evacuations were ordered. He could not hear what she could – but she made sure he knew.

There are those dogs that appear on “The Dog Whisperer” – allowed to get away with bad behavior, and many stories of individuals in the breed launching attacks on dogs much larger than them. This is the fault of the owner, not the dog but unfortunately the dog often takes the rap.

A half Chihuahua made news also as she completed K9 training. Yes, “Midge” is a certified K9 that the 125 pound German Shepherd on the force dwarfs but her job isn’t to chase down and bring down bad guys. Sheriff Dan McClelland of the Geauga County Sheriff’s department notes that she can simply fit in places and walk on things without the damage the big dogs do. “Size wise, endurance wise they last longer.”

The Chihuahua is a member of the AKC toy group, and is a well balanced dog not to exceed 6 pounds for showing. The “apple” head is a trait of the breed and there are both short hair and long haired versions of the breed. They can be any color, solid or splashed with white. By the standard they are alert with terrier like qualities.

Historically he has long been a pet as well as at one time a “religious necessity.” Dogs looking much like today’s Chihuahuas are found in ruins predating 1530 and credit for the breed goes to the area that is present day Mexico. Today’s Chihuahua is smaller, possibly due to introduction of the Chinese Crested. First accepted by the AKC in 1904, the breed has gathered much publicity and many admirers of their trainability and good attributes.

Among the famous Chihuahuas of course is “Gidget” who was “spokesdog” for Taco Bell restaurants. Boo Boo is another less famous with the title of the World’s Smallest Dog. At just four inches high and 1 ½ pounds now she weighed just one ounce at birth. The Chihuahua has also been featured on TV shows such as “That’s So Raven,” “Summer Heights High,” Transformers and movies such as “Legally Blond.”

Because the breed standard lists a top weight with no minimum weight, some people elect to breed down smaller, calling these extremely small dogs “teacup” or tiny toy or pocket sized Chihuahuas and charging a great deal of money for them. The Chihuahua Club of America does not advocate paying more money for these extremely small dogs not only from an honesty standpoint but a health one.

Due to the small size of the breed there is less fat stored around the liver which can lead to hypoglycemia. Extremely small dogs is more so and this can result in blood sugar issues which can, without fast action, result in death to the puppy. This can be brought on by stress, hunger, illness or just using up more than they’re taking in. The dog appears tired, sleepy and if not noticed may fall over and seizure. Immediate treatment is needed – put a bit of honey or Karo syrup on the dog’s tongue or gums. This is straight sugar and can fairly quickly bring the dog around. Do this before leaving for the vet! It gives you precious time.

Extra Omega 3 and Omega 6 are recommended to help build cell membranes and fatty acids. A lack of these important nutrients can create arthritis like conditions, behavior issues, slow healing, bad smell and skin issues, additional fragility heart and circulation issues, kidney or liver issues, vulnerability to infection and breeding issues.

More than many breeds it’s very important to remember fat kills. Chihuahuas have a tendency to be easy keepers, and food plus treats plus not enough exercise leads to a dog with weight issues that trigger heart disease and a shortened life.

Tracheal collapse can be prevented by using a harness on your Chihuahua and not pulling on the collar hard if they have one. The throat is weakened and in some cases the dog may appear to have something caught in his throat.

Extra small dogs have a higher chance of these things due to their extremely small size.

Chihuahuas seem a basis for “designer dogs” and can be crossed with many other breeds to sell with the illusion that they are better than purebreds. Seldom are the health tested, quality parents used, meaning you could just as well end up with a double dose of unhealthy genes.

Chihuahuas are not a high energy breed that needs a great deal of exercise. With good care they can live 15 years, an important consideration if you are taking on a puppy for life. The breed is happy with toys and things to play with, sometimes said to prefer their own breed. Because they are a small breed they can find it difficult to keep up with someone out for a walk who doesn’t consider their small stature.

Crate training gives your Chihuahua a place of his own as well as keeps him from getting into trouble. From a size standpoint it takes much less to do damage and a piece of sugar free gum, a candy bar or other item can easily give a toxic overdose.

Always keep in mind the advantage of a small sized dog in being able to live in apartments and other small spaces can equally be a disadvantage in some situations. Above all don’t fall into the thinking of “he’s just a little dog and it’s cute when he growls”. If it wouldn’t be cute in an 80 pound Doberman, German Shepherd or Rottweiller it isn’t funny in a Chihuahua either. There have been many reports of owners of these breeds having small out of control dogs attack their dog. Some find it funny until the German Shepherd or Rottie snaps back – and seriously injures or kills the small dog. There is no excuse for allowing poor behavior and, as evidenced by many highly trained Chihuahuas, they are intelligent dogs eager to learn!

Give your Chihuahua the chance of a lifetime home with a commitment not only to his training but with regard to the size and physical issues he has.

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So valued was this little dog historically they were guarded by soldiers of the Emperors of China. One of three breeds to be so honored, the Pug is Chinese in origin and dates to as much as 700 BC. They are related to the Pekingese but not, as many believe, to the bulldog.

The AKC first recognized the Pug in 1885 after having been brought to the USA via England and Holland by traders. They became very popular then at the turn of the century their popularity cooled somewhat. Today he’s between common and rare – identifiable but without as much of the negative that so often threatens highly popular breeds.

The Pug should have a round head with a square body. For a show standpoint this means not too leggy or too long in body, although these Pugs still make awesome pets! Ideally they are compact with 14-18 pound bodies that are well muscled not just fat. They are a toy breed and, as such, although not defined by height they must be compact in body. Excessive size often loses that compact, cobby look the breed is known for.

The head of a Pug is distinctive and should be broad and round when looking at the Pug from the front. Too much or not enough chin is objectionable and the head should be in proportion to the rest of the dog. The eyes are bold and prominent but not bulging out. The Pug has a natural expression of intelligence, affection and curiosity with just a spark of mischief mixed in.

They may be silver, apricot-fawn or black. A short coat means little grooming even for show with trimming nails and whiskers allowed. The breed is shown natural. This is an even tempered, playful breed that is outgoing and self-confident. The down side to that, of one wishes to look at that, is they can be willful and stubborn! Be prepared to have patience in dealing with training a Pug along with a big dose of humor. They are not normally nervous, make good alarm dogs and love to play.

Like many breeds the Pug has some health issues to be aware of. Due to the very short face they can have severe issues dealing with the heat as well as cold weather. Exercise your Pug around weather extremes. The breed is known for the short face which can restrict breathing. There is surgery available to correct this, but surgery to alter a Pug for show is not allowed in the breed ethics. From a health standpoint for a pet this is not a factor.

The short head also means more teeth in a small place – with an increase attention needed to dental issues. The Pug’s head needs extra care due to the folds in the skin. Clean his ears regularly and clean the nose roll and in the wrinkles to keep the free of debris and moisture that can cause irritation and problems. Some Pugs need this daily while others less so, but it is something to watch if you take on a Pug.

There is a type of mite that causes a skin condition in the Pug called Cheyletiellosis or Walking Dandruff. If your Pug appears to have heavy flaky dandruff down the middle of the back and is extremely itchy consider having him checked for this.

Don’t assume here – this could also be due to mange, allergies or infections of the skin, all conditions that can affect Pugs.

There is also a disease unique to Pugs called Pug Dog Encephalitis or PDE that is very serious. It is a fatal inflammatory disease that appears to occur just in Pugs. It is unknown why they get it, how they get it or how to treat it and it cannot be tested for except through the brain tissue of dogs that have died from it. Research is being done at Cornell University trying to determine if it might have a genetic component. There is also research being done at Texas A&M. The disease expresses itself in seizures, blindness, circling, coma and death.

Be sure to have your dog seen by a veterinarian and do not assume a dog with seizures has PDE. Epilepsy is also known to happen in Pugs and CAN be managed with correct diagnosis.

Some older Pugs can also be prone to a nerve degeneration, which doesn’t have a name and little is known about. Some dogs might drag the toes, or stagger in his hindquarters or have difficulty jumping up or down. They might have an arch to their back and become incontinent. This is progressive and at this point anti-inflammatory medicines don’t seem to help.

A few eye issues can become serious and warrant mention. Corneal ulcers and dry eye are common and need veterinary attention. Dystichia and entropion involve the eyelashes or lids causing irritation to the eye. Because of the Pug’s eyes, a bite or damage near the eye can result in the eye getting pushed out of the eye socket. There are still nerves and muscles keeping it attached but it is a medical emergency to have any chance of saving the dog’s eyesight in that eye.

Vertebrae issues can occur as young as 4-6 months with signs including an uncoordinated gait. Legg-Perthes is a disease that results in interrupted blood supply to the head of the femur, which begins to break down at the pelvis. This can show up at the same age range. Luxating patellas can happen and the breed is second only to bulldogs for hip dysplasia.

Yes there are many health issues that confront the Pug that are out of our control. There is one that is not, however, and Pugs are prone to it. This is obesity. Limiting your pet’s food intake is the #2 way you can show him you love him (right behind a good training program!) and that is prone to shifting.

Pugs reason for existence is to be a pet for man. While some breeds were developed to hunt, or herd or do other jobs, the Pug’s “job” is as a companion. However, they are absolutely intelligent and trainable enough to do things! They can be outstanding in obedience and agility, providing their physical issues are kept in mind and with positive training. Because this is a breed that exists to please you, harsh handling can create problems as can lack of training and discipline. A balance is needed for any breed but it can be a careful balance with Pugs.

Like many breeds pushing popularity the Pug has an issue also, not with so much purebred Pugs but those purebreds being used to create “Puggles”, an essentially crossbred dog some produce to sell for large amounts of money as a designer dog. The Puggle is a cross between a Pug and a Beagle, and supporters claim they are healthier than either due to hybrid vigor.

The problem is genetics don’t work that way. Both breeds have a tendency towards many of the same issues including obesity, epilepsy, seizures and other issues. There are fully 97 issues that can affect Beagles with several, including some fatal ones that affect Pugs. Crossing them can actually INTRODUCE deficiencies into the pups that the parents don’t have. Additionally it crosses the instincts with physical characteristics, which can result in a dog with eye issues putting that short nose on the ground after something and creating eye injuries. Most breeders of both Pugs and Beagles advise avoiding these crossbreds at all costs.

Be prepared for the health issues when you take on a Pug – the worst case warnings sound bad but they are just that – worst case. There are many healthy, happy and lovable Pugs who live for years. Choose your dog wisely and be prepared for what comes. Remember this is a companion breed – they were developed to be with you!

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The Weimaraner is first and foremost a hunting dog. They will not like being a 24/7 couch potato and you may find yourself needing quantity discounts on couches if they get bored! More than many breeds seriously question yourself if this is the breed for you. What is a good trait to some is not to others. If you’re active and disciplined this can be an excellent choice. If you love to hunt but are not exactly a trainer the high drive in some birds can make training easy and might be ideal for you. If you’d rather have a dog that watches TV with you, goes out a couple times a day and is quiet in the house you might look at another breed or look very very closely at the individual you’re seeking. This doesn’t mean they’re bad dogs – it just means they aren’t the dog for every home!

This is an often high energy dog and, left to their own devices, will find trouble. One older weim owner has a “spoiled” dog that many would look at and say “oh I want one of those!” She comes instantly when called, she’ll sit when asked and gets along well with visiting dogs. She’ll alarm bark at a stranger but once it’s clear a “friendly” comes over for petting. She’ll play with younger dogs and teach them the ‘rules of the home.’ What people don’t see is the years it took consistently training to get her that way. It doesn’t just happen! It also doesn’t show the time she explored the woods outside and became too friendly with a black and white furry thing – and was banished from the house for a few days even after remedies to remove the smell!

Weims can develop bad boredom habits easily. They can have a low tolerance for those small furries – including cats and small dogs. They can be rambunctious and a crate is strongly advised to prevent bad habits from forming. Don’t just put them in a crate however! While you want to keep them from getting into things you’ll need to keep their minds busy. Toys, large chew bones and things that keep them busy mentally will keep both dog and owner happier. They can be protective of their home more than some of the retrievers.

The Weimaraner has a distinctive grey coat that makes the breed distinctive in appearance. These dogs as hunters were developed for tracking ability, speed and durability. Originally they were used to hunt bear, big cats, deer and wolves but as times changed they became bird dogs. It was due to wartime perhaps that the breed was sent out of the confines of their native land to save them. In 1943 the AKC recognition was given to the breed. The breed had a boom and through the 1950s they had bench winners, Best in Shows and outstanding field dogs. Due to their hunting heritage and short coat they are low maintenance for grooming.

Possibly due to the breed being more than just appearance, and in the ‘60s it was recognized a need to return to basics. Today the Weimaraner is again a popular breed but there has been an increase too in dogs ending up in shelters and rescue, possibly from not understanding that putting a lid on that activity just isn’t going to happen.

It can’t be stressed enough that if activity is an issue for you look at a quieter breed that is easier to handle. These are awesome dogs in the right hands and the right homes but, unfortunately, can be a nightmare in the wrong hands. They can be barkers, they will steal food off the counters and they will find things to get into. Although they are not mean they can knock down elderly or young people without intending to hurt them.

A busy dog with an outlet for all that energy is going to be much happier and along with it the owners will be much happier!

If the activity doesn’t deter you then by all means find a Weimaraner! Whether looking to show or hunt, there are dogs that can do both. It is important to be aware of the diseases that affect the breed. Some can be found by testing, while others can’t but nevertheless shorten the life of the dog. Whether you’re hunting or showing this is important!

Von Willebrands Disease is one thing that affects the breed. This shows itself with a long clotting time, with excessive bleeding when the tail is done or after surgery. Factor XI Deficiency is another bleeding disorder. Chryptorchidism is a factor in shows. Dermoid or corneal dermoid cysts, double eyelashes, entropion (eyelids rolling in), hip or elbow dysplasia and Hypertrophic Osteodystrophy are all diseases that can affect the breed. Bloat is common to all deep chested breeds and takes special care to prevent as well as quick action if it happens – it is fatal without immediate treatment. Hypothyroidism, skin tumors, nictitating membrane eversion, heart issues, pituitary issues, progressive retinal atrophy, and hernias can cut short the comfort or life of these dogs. It’s very important to choose dogs from healthy lines and anything less is playing a game with your dog’s life. It determines how long you have him and how high your vet bills will be.

By the AKC standard the Weimaraner indicates a medium sized grey dog. Speed and endurance are hallmarks of the breed which is 25-27 inches for dogs and 23-25 for bitches. They can be 70-80 pounds so putting speed and power into a dog of that size one can imagine what they can get into!

They come in grey – and while the color may vary from mouse grey to silver anything resembling blue or black is disqualified. They should be friendly and fearless but obedient, with moderate length to the back and well muscled. A member of the sporting group, there should be a distinct difference between males and females in appearance.

In comparison to other breeds the Weimaraner is a young breed from the early 19th century. The Eisenhower’s had a Weimaraner and the breed is famous in a line of calendars and photos featuring the dogs in various poses.

For the right home this is a wonderful breed, but make sure yours is the right one. Look at your lifestyle and choose a Weimaraner that fits what you want the most.

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The Rottweiler was developed as a drover to move cattle to market and as a cart dog. From Mastiff type dogs they were developed to herd cattle to the troops trying to conquer Europe. It was centuries later when driving of cattle was outlawed and cart dogs were no longer needed the Rottie was without a ‘job’ and, as a large dog, they had to earn their keep. By the late 1800s the breed was in trouble.

In the early 1900s the Rottweiler found favor as a police dog and by 1921 roughly 3400 dogs were listed among several clubs. In 1931 the breed was admitted to the AKC. They are black with mahogany, rust or tan markings.

The standard calls for a powerful dog with clearly defined rust markings. Males are slightly larger with heavier bone than females, who should be feminine without indication of weakness. Generally the breed is 22-27 inches in height with the males on the larger end, and ideal being mid range. Proportion and balance is important.

A dense, straight medium length coat lying flat with an undercoat present on neck and thighs not to show through the other coat iDue to his development as a drover, he maintains a powerful trot that covers ground efficiently.

Although many areas have enacted breed bans and often any ‘vicious’ dog that is heavy set and black and tan is deemed to be ‘Rottweiler’ due to their development they should be a confident dog that is somewhat aloof, not making immediate friendships. This does not say aggressive! He is an all purpose dog and as such, a good temperament is key. A dog that is overly shy or aggressive is disqualified this is part of the breed standard and anyone breeding for that standard selects not only on conformation but those things inside the dog.

Like all dogs, the Rottweiler can be faced with health issues. As with many deep bodied dogs bloat can be a factor and something you should always keep in mind to attempt to prevent. Abdominal distension can feel like a drum, with restlessness, salivation, gagging or belching that doesn’t produce anything are all signs of bloat and mean IMMEDIATE action. The faster you get the dog to the vet and to surgery the better his chances of survival. Prevention is much better don’t allow your Rottie to overeat, or to exercise just before or after eating. Keep the food time calm.

Other issues that affect Rottweilers include skin issues from allergies to sebaceous cysts, eye issues including cataracts, slipped disc, seizures or epilepsy, Wobbler’s Syndrome, hip or elbow dysplasia, arthritis, back issues, liver disease, cancer, hypothyroidism, cardiomyopathy Von Willebrand’s Disease, vaccine reactions, bladder infections and, for a minority, aggression issues (more towards other dogs than people).

Some of these more serious issues can be found by testing the parents before deciding whether to breed.

It is hard to ignore the repeated stories of ‘Rottweiler attacks’ but not all of the dogs involved are actually Rottweilers. Remember, to some people including authorities any heavy set black and tan dog is a ‘Rottweiler’ and there are thousands of crossbred dogs out there that fit that description.

The Rottweiler needs an owner who is devoted to socializing and training from the first day together. Like any other dog a young Rottweiler needs to learn what is acceptable in our world and we need to understand what, as a dog, is acceptable in his. Any large, powerful breed needs the basics taught by the time they are weaned then continued to be reinforced.

Rottweilers are, according to some, less trainable but often this is due to the owner’s approach more than the dog’s attitude. Imagine for a minute walk down the street and someone comes up and is animated and urgently saying something in German but you don’t speak German. Is he warning you of something, is a friend of his collapsed around the corner and he needs help or is he ready to rob you? Without speaking the language you don’t know. Rottweilers don’t speak English! We can teach them to recognize words but they communicate a totally different way than we do.

What we don’t see and hear in the news reports are the for sure Rottweilers who are hero dogs. For example, when a kidnapping suspect ran from police he happened to run into a stranger’s home. The home he picked had a five year old Rottweiler inside and the suspect was caught.

A Rottweiler named Bella is a certified guide dog. Many are certified therapy dogs. They’re certified search and rescue dogs. Esmonds Sixth Sense CGC is not only certified for wilderness search & rescue but also cadaver detection. Recipient of the ARC Heroism award, Mirko Medallion and Anvil TRUE award, ‘Dugan’ found a missing 22 year old woman in a wooded area hypothermic but alive.

In World War I they’ve been documented as ambulance dogs those dogs trained to find the wounded and ignore all else on a battlefield. They’ve served our military.

Remember when you’re listening to talk about breed bans these are without exception. It includes dogs like Gunner handled by John Randall. A purebred Rottweiler Baron worked the ruins of the Oklahoma City bombing. Gunner worked in the ruins of an F5 tornado in Oklahoma. Then he worked the call that even left the big heart of a Rottweiler hero disheartened he was called to New York City after the 9/11 attacks. He came out of the rubble on breaks and became a therapy dog for the others.

Little is said about dogs like Vito, a K9 officer who served his community with handler Lt. Neal Goodman for 11 years, retired at 13. He was certified by the North American Police Work Dogs Association in obedience, search and aggression, narcotics, patrol and tracking. He completed 75 narcotics searches and found three lost children during his working career. He found a suspect hiding in a tree.

Another K9 handler was shot by an eluding prison escapee. His Rottweiler jumped from the cruiser, deflecting a fatal shot and loss of her partner. She herself was shot three times, with a bullet lodged in her spine, in her chest and the third less than two inches from the heart. Both recovered and retired together.

A pet Rottweiler saved a family when a fire started in an electrical blanket covering a child, allowing the family to escape. Another Rottweiler intercepted the kidnapping of a child, saving the six month old baby from abduction when the would be kidnapper dropped the baby when faced with a dog.

As illustrated by these and other heroes the Rottweiler is a good dog if given proper training and environment to be the best dog he can be. These dogs do not get the credit deserved. Get a good dog, provide training and positive interaction. There is no need to fear a solid dog trained well. He might just save your life.

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Said to date back to North Africa during the time of the Pharaohs but generally credited with being developed in Germany, the Dachshund has long been beloved by celebrity and ordinary people alike. They are the smallest of the hunting breeds, developed to follow badger “to ground”, with the ability to dig out prey as well as go down inside the burrows. A vicious animal when cornered, the badger needed an equally courageous dog to successfully unearth them. Dachshunds have also taken on fox and otter.

The dog originally cast in the Wizard Of Oz actually was a miniature Dachshund – post-war hostility towards their home country meant that Toto was fired and depicted as a Norwich terrier. The role of the miniature Dachshund in the classic has long been buried. Famous fanciers of the breed include Marlon Brando, Clark Gable, John Wayne, Errol Flynn, Joan Crawford and others. A Dachshund once made an appearance on “Hogan’s Heroes”. Gary Berghoff, who played “Radar” on the MASH series, is said to have kept one wirehaired, two smooths and two long-haired Dachshunds.

William Shakespeare is said to have kept a pack of Dachshunds. William Faulkner and Danielle Steele also kept the breed. From the 14th to the 16th centuries Dachshunds were kept by Catholic popes as “altar-dogs” in Catholic ceremonies. George S. Patton, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Napoleon Bonapart were a few of the higher ranking people who kept the breed. Queen Victoria kept a royal kennel and arranged a bronze statue of one of her dogs at Windsor castle.

The Dachshund name means, literally, “badger dog”. They are a fierce hunting breed, very people orientated and love to cuddle but absolutely retain the instincts of a hunting dog. Originally the dogs worked in packs, leading to the development of a highly social hound that generally gets along with other dogs.

Competing in shows, obedience, agility, field trials and “earth dog” competitions are just some of what the Dachshund can do besides being a beloved pet. For reasons of being a true scenthound, they should not be allowed off leash loose – the scent of something interesting can mean crossing traffic or other hazards that can be fatal.

In the 1930s they were called officially called “badger dogs” to give a verbal distance from their home country of Germany. Here in the US they rose in popularity to be one of the top ten breeds. Often recognized in the popular black and tan or red colors, they can also be several other colors, including chocolate and tan, blue and tan, fawn and tan, chocolate, dappled, fawn, cream, ‘wild boar,’ wheaten and blue or black and cream.

According to the Dachshund Club of America some have also been trained as drug sniffing dogs, a modern day use for that sensitive nose. By their definition the standard is 16-32 pounds while the miniature is 11 pounds and under. Of course, as pet dogs or for working and performance, slightly over or under this is of no real importance. There are of course many who fall between – too big for miniature status and not quite big enough for standard status. What to do with the 14 pound Dachshund – love him!

This makes them ideal size for small yards and apartments but one must also keep in mind their original purpose – as hunting hounds! This can mean for some individuals they are especially eager to “give voice” – irritated neighbors call this “excessive barking!” Said to be ‘stubborn to a fault’ but also very playful and entertaining, they can be reserved with strangers but love “their people.” They can be curious and mischievous.

There may be some temperament differences between the varieties. One breeder with both sizes and all varieties comments the smooth is the original and a bit more “in your face” than the other varieties. With spaniels introduced for the long coat, that variety is said to be more laid back, while a terrier heritage in the wire haired can lead to a boistrous, tough dog attitude befitting that trace of terrier influence.

Intelligent dogs but sometimes difficult to house train, the dachshund normally learn best when properly motivated and a heavy dose of praise is used rather than correction. Keep training fun, regular walks and/or playtime and careful monitoring of food intake leads to a happy, healthy pet.

Health issues are worth noting. The Dachshund, more than many breeds, should be maintained to be fit, not fat. Regulating their food intake helps reduce the chances of back problems that can cripple your dog. Eye problems, epilepsy, IVDD (a spinal disorder), thyroid issues, patella luxations, leggs perthes all can affect this breed – however there are tests that can be done and for breeding dogs should be done as some problems are genetic.

Because of their long back and short rib cage, and a even personal disagreement of genetics over management being the cause, prevention of back injuries is strongly encouraged. Picking up a Dachshund means supporting him front and back, much as carrying a football. This keeps the dog secure, preventing twisting and thrashing which can cause injuries. Excessive stairs and jumping generally isn’t recommended. As with humans, a fit dog is less likely to be injured than one who is overweight or out of shape.

On average litter size is about 3-4 for miniatures, 5-7 for standards. Some breeders report that some lines are prone to needing c-sections for whelping but generally there aren’t a lot of problems with whelping Dachshunds. If you are breeding your dogs this is an important factor to keep in mind however – any emergency surgery it is not cheap but is life-threatening if she doesn’t get help when needed. It is worth noting they can be very territorial about their puppies with other dogs – if you have a multiple dog home with the other dog being larger, this warrants attention for the safety and comfort of the Dachshund.

From a conformation show standpoint, the standard of the Dachshund can be found at http://www.akc.org/breeds/dachshund/ and would be repetitious to include here at length. Further, while this is a guide to the physical standard for showing, dogs competing in earth dog, trials and other competitions, or those kept simply for pets, the perfect conformation is not of as much interest.

From a grooming standpoint the varieties do have some differences also, as expected. The smooths is the “wash and wear” variety. While all varieties need regular toenail trims, ear cleaning and basic care, the occasional bath is sufficient for smooth pets – showing holds the decision of clipping the whiskers.

The wire variety should be clipped twice a year – something that should NOT be done for show dogs. Show dogs should have the coats stripped, by hand or using a small tool. Stripping is essentially pulling individual hairs – this retains the texture of the coat, removing the dead hairs. This is, from a show standpoint, the highest maintenance coat.

The long-hair variety pet dog should have the hair between the pads clipped and thinning the “feathers” – the longer hair that makes this variety so pretty. Show dogs have a flat iron used in addition to trimming. The coat of show dogs takes special care to condition it and keep it from breaking or drying out. Keeping a long-haired show dog takes effort. Of course pets do not need to be maintained as do their showable kin.

As with other hounds, the ears should be checked and kept clean of excess water and debris to reduce irritation.

Being a smaller dog, with proper care living to 12-14 years of age isn’t uncommon, with many dogs still remarkably active. Good care helps any dog, but the Dachshund is a breed that can easily reach the teenage years.

The Dachshund is a wonderful small dog for the right home. Older children and adults who pay attention to their needs, strengths and weaknesses – and who have the patience to get through the early training – will have a loving dog that is small in stature but large in heart and personality.

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A cashier at a store was on duty when a beautiful Doberman came in with a customer. The dog had obviously recently been to the veterinarian and had a large jagged area stitched up. Making a liar of his stereotype this dogs tail couldn’t have wagged any faster as he sat nicely and gave kisses to the stranger before gently taking a cookie as his owner explained the events of a couple nights earlier. It seems this dog woke the family up just after 1 a.m. whining, anxious and creating enough anxiety it woke the couple up although the children were sleeping. The dog did not normally wake them to go out at night but apparently he had to go so they opened the door. Growls, screams and chaos ensued. Although the man was not immediately caught he surely has scars as did the dog and a large meat knife was found, with a trail of blood from the kitchen window to the back of the property. One can only assume someone with a 10-12′ knife outside your kitchen window at 1 a.m. is not there with positive intentions. The family was safe, the dog expected to make a full recovery.

Sikasso was a year old red Doberman when he woke his family, persistently barking to wake them and not happy when the mom let him out then went back to bed. He persisted barking and woke the family until someone came outside and saw the attic of the home was on fire. Smoke alarms had not gone off as the fire was above the alarms but Sikasso knew instinctively there was danger. He was honored with the Everyday Hero award from the Doberman Pinscher club.

People misunderstand the natural guarding ability of breeds like the Doberman, misunderstanding assertive for aggression. There is no need to make a dog mean the natural guarding and protection instinct is there. The Doberman by the standard is 24-26 inches for bitches and 26-28 inches for males. Combining speed and power as well as athletic abilities and intelligence this is a dog that NEEDS consistent training more than many breeds. If one thinks of the movie K911 and ‘Zeus’ to get the incredible amount of training and discipline these dogs can handle.

The dogs that are not trained, or not consistently disciplined, become unruly, further adding to the negative image some have of the breed.

By the standard the allowed colors are black, red, blue and fawn with rust markings above each eye, on the muzzle, throat and front of the chest and on all legs an feet as well as below the tail. A very small white patch under ‘½ inch square is permissible but other colors, including all white, are not.

Dobermans have long been of man’s closest working allies. They have been with our military, they’ve served as search dogs checking vehicles at our borders, they’ve been used as service dogs and they’ve protected millions of homes and families without incident. They have also been used as seizure alert dogs, service dogs, therapy dogs, search and rescue and leading the blind.

During World War II seven Marine war dog platoons were trained at Camp Lejune. These dogs served with the soldiers in the war. By the war’s end 1,047 canine heroes served as ‘Devil Dogs’ with 29 of those giving their lives for their home country. Snipers, knowing how valuable these dogs were to our soldiers, would focus on the dogs. The war dog cemetery at the US naval base in Guam has a life sized bronze of a Doberman, ‘Always Faithful,’ in tribute to these heroes and their handlers.

They are often able to thwart a problem before it happens. A young woman was walking across a parking lot at a grocery store to her truck when a man approached asking for directions. He reached for the door of her truck as her Doberman stood up in the back and effectively changed the man’s mind about approaching his owner.

This is a breed that is smart enough to be what you want it, good or bad. Dogs don’t discern from the two humans must. The dog pays with his life when humans mishandle the dog or fail to provide training he needs to survive in our world.

Smaller breeds have been bred down to minimum sizes and in the same vein there are some who have produced ‘extra large’ Dobermans. The down side to this is the Doberman is an athletic dog and as size increases the athletic qualities often decrease, making a less than ideal dog overall. There are also some who produce the ‘rare’ white Doberman, which is not eligible for AKC registration as these dogs do not meet the standard.

This heritage of training and willingness to take our calling can mean a high drive dog that is active and easily bored. Plenty of exercise is needed and training to make a wonderful naturally protective not vicious dog. The best protection animals are those trained. A dog is not an effective protection if he’s not biddable and under control and those things don’t happen without training.

There is no need to produce or maintain a dog with a bad attitude and creating such an animal is highly irresponsible. Because of the few that have done such things the majority within the breed pay for it in breed bias and bans in many areas, insurance hassles for their owners and other issues for having done nothing but being the same breed.

These dogs are best as part of a family. Isolation or simply cast off to a kennel leaves an intelligent dog that becomes a bored dog. Additionally it’s impossible for the dog to bond with your family and protect them if he’s removed from the situation. Many *do* love having their own ‘space’ within the home in a crate in a quiet corner of the room that they can go to on their own.

Before getting a Doberman research the health issues that can occur with some individuals of the breed. Many can be eliminated with testing and evaluation. Hip Dysplasia, eye disease and congenital heart disease are three of the major things that affect the breed that can be cleared before breeding and eliminated by not breeding those individuals who do not pass clearances to your satisfaction. Autoimmune thyroiditis is another as is von Willebrand’s Disease.

Understanding and bringing out the good in these dogs rewards you with a gentle dog that will without hesitation lay down his life for you. But sometimes even dogs need second chances.

Cota fell into the hands of people who didn’t understand the Dobe nature and spent most of his days in a crate. An active, intelligent dog became frustrated, unruly and unstable. At a year old he was in his third home and even afraid of toys. He needed an attitude adjustment and was perhaps one many would give up on. Today at 7 he is a certified wilderness search dog with the North American Police Work Dog Association and a Delta Society Therapy dog.

Give the breed a chance and in the right hands they will steal your heart and hand you theirs.

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